Continuing in our series on reaching beyond existing demand, our focus shifts to Second-Tier Noncustomers. Once featured, each entry is made accessible through the Blue Ocean Strategy Basics archive of our site. For an overview of Second-Tier Noncustomers, we turn to pages 104 — 106 of the book Blue Ocean Strategy (co-authored by Professors W. Chan Kim and Renée Mauborgne):
These are refusing noncustomers, people who either do not use or cannot afford to use the current market offerings because they find the offerings unacceptable or beyond their means. Their needs are either dealt with by other means or ignored. Harboring within refusing noncustomers, however, is an ocean of untapped demand waiting to be released.
Consider how JCDecaux, a vendor of French outdoor advertising space, pulled the mass of refusing noncustomers into its market. Before JCDecaux created a new concept in outdoor advertising called “street furniture” in 1964, the outdoor advertising industry included billboards and transport advertisement. Billboards typically were located on city outskirts and along roads where traffic quickly passed by; transport advertisement comprised panels on buses and taxies, which again people caught sight of only as they whizzed by.
This gave it the idea to provide street furniture, including maintenance and upkeep, free to municipalities. JCDecaux figured that as long as the revenue generated from selling ad space exceeded the costs of providing and maintaining the furniture at an attractive profit margin, the company would be on a trajectory of strong, profitable growth. Accordingly, street furniture was created that would integrate advertising panels. In this way, JCDecaux created a breakthrough in value for second- tier noncustomers, the municipalities, and itself. The strategy eliminated cities’ traditional costs associated with urban furniture. In return for free products and services, JCDecaux gained the exclusive right to display advertisements on the street furniture located in downtown areas. By making ads available in city centers, the company significantly increased the average exposure time, improving the recall capabilities of this advertising medium. The increase in exposure time also permitted richer contents and more complex messages. Moreover, as the maintainer of the urban furniture, JCDecaux could help advertisers roll out their campaigns in two to three days, as opposed to fifteen days of rollout time for traditional billboard campaigns.
In response to JCDecaux’s exceptional value offering, the mass of refusing noncustomers flocked to the industry…. Today, JCDecaux is the number one street furniture-based ad space provider worldwide.
[Image via Gothamist.]